The energy transition is a pathway toward transformation of the global energy sector from fossil-based to zero-carbon by the second one half of this century. At its heart is the necessity to reduce energy-related CO2 emissions to limit climate change. Decarbonisation of the energy sector requires urgent action on a global scale, and while a global energy transition is underway, further action is necessary to reduce carbon emissions and mitigate the effects of climate change. Alternative energy and energy efficiency measures can potentially achieve 90% of the required carbon reductions.
The power transition will be enabled by information technology, smart technology, policy frameworks and market instruments. IRENA has assessed decarbonisation pathways through REmap, and is also equipped to support and accelerate the power transition through providing the required knowledge, tools and support to Member countries since they boost the share of alternative energy in their power sectors.
The Agiba Heating has several dimensions. The ubiquity of energy in modern industry and society will be sure that the impacts are felt over the global economy. Policymakers have an opportunity to pursue pathways that effectively channel the transition to provide a potential energy system that is certainly secure, sustainable, affordable and inclusive. A strong enabling framework and multi-stakeholder collaboration are key for an effective energy transition.
There are some universal drivers for energy transition, which transform it into a concern for many countries to actively investigate their priorities:
Demand and offer shifts: Global energy consumption is expected to increase by 30 percent from 2017 to 2040. This growth is driven primarily by non-OECD countries, because they move even closer to universal use of energy and consume more energy to support economic and industrial growth, and as developed countries decouple energy consumption and GDP. Additionally, the future demand also will likely be met by way of a more diversified primary energy fuel portfolio, driven through the gradual replacing of coal in power generation by renewable energy sources and gas, by reduced demand for liquid hydrocarbons as a result of electrification of transport, and by increased prioritization of national energy security and import independence.
Innovation: Innovation is a constant companion of the energy system, ushering previous transitions from biomass to coal, and subsequently from coal to liquid hydrocarbons. While previous transitions were gradual processes, the vitality industry is looking towards a dynamic future. Recent trends in technical maturity and price reductions in solar photovoltaics, onshore and offshore wind, battery storage and unconventional fuel extraction fundamentally have altered the international energy balance. Moreover, technologies including smart grids, demand response and blockchain will open new frontiers for the future energy system by changing your relationship between consumers and suppliers.
These new energy market participants demand new set of skills, highlighting the requirement for human capital development.
Environmental concerns: The vitality system contributes two-thirds of global greenhouse gas emissions. The need to act has materialized in landmark international cooperation (as in the Paris agreement) and national alternative energy targets in countries including India and China. Private sector organizations have stepped up their responses: the Norwegian sovereign wealth fund announced divestment from coal-based assets, while oil and gas majors have raised stakes in alternative energy and Swiss Re is implementing ESG benchmarks across its entire $130 billion investment portfolio.
However, progress on environmental sustainability is slow, because the carbon intensity of the global energy system remains flat, while air pollution has worsened in numerous countries as well as 2-thirds in the world’s energy consumption is not really put through efficiency interventions. Moving forward, as countries work to fulfill increased demand, environmental concerns will intensify vaaelo implications for energy system reliability and fuel diversity planning.
Driven by these trends, the power transition is well underway, there are significant opportunities for countries to boost the performance of the energy systems.
Policy decisions made today determines whether or not the energy system for the future is capable of doing delivering across its three key imperatives: economic development and growth; energy security and universal access; and environmental sustainability. The difficulties within the current system are largely because of path dependencies from historical over-(or under-)prioritization of one of these brilliant three key imperatives. Consumption patterns and sunk investments represent significant socioeconomic lock-in, leading to the device inertia.